Brazil’s New Investment Treaty Model: Why Now?
نویسندگان
چکیده
The investment treaty regime, unlike other economic regimes, lacks common substantive multilateral rules and depends on countries signing bilateral or plurilateral treaties. As the regime presented a pro-developed country bias, developing countries, especially in Latin America, avoided treaties up to 1980s. Brazil followed this trend did not start an program until late 1990s. However, never entered into force. also acceding World Bank agency responsible for arbitration proceedings - International Centre Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). In 2015, started new program. timing seems counterintuitive. had already been criticized, including inefficiency attracting foreign investment, potential encroach countries’ regulatory sovereignty lack legitimacy its investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) procedure. Furthermore, favorable scenario force seek inflow capital at that time. Cooperation Facilitation Agreement (CFIA) is as model since it responds major criticisms same time meets demands important domestic interest group, Brazilian industrial sector, legal framework mitigates political risk increasingly internationalized operations. Brazil’s CFIA may be viewed could emulate face failure traditional paradigm settlement.
منابع مشابه
Why new guidelines for reporting improvement research? And why now?
I t is reasonable to ask why QSHC would embark on additional guidelines for reporting improvement research—and why now? Useful and valuable guidelines for quality improvement reports (QIRs) were initially published in our predecessor journal, Quality in Health Care, in 1999, and reprinted again in QSHC in 2004. The BMJ also adopted this format in 2001. QIRs were initially slow to appear, but th...
متن کاملWhy BioMath? Why Now?
The rationale for and the opportunities to bring the biologymathematics interface into the high schools are explored through examples from the author’s career. Among topics considered are (1) epidemiological modeling, (2) biology as information science, (3) physical mapping of DNA, (4) DNA and RNA chains and the “RNA detective game,” (5) systems biology, (6) graph-theoretical models of the spre...
متن کاملWhy cure, why now?
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is highly effective at preventing morbidity and mortality due to infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but does not eradicate the virus. Consequently, cART must be administered life-long. Recent progress has stimulated research towards a cure of HIV infection. Approaches under investigation include hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, l...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2312-7988', '2312-797X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-3-600-612